This report provides an overview of the importance of peace education, highlighting the challenges and opportunities for using it in efforts to bring about lasting global peace. It reviews key research and is heavily inspired by the discussions held in the context of the revision process of the 1974 Recommendation concerning education for international understanding, co-operation and peace and education relating to human rights and fundamental freedoms. More specifically, this report draws from the following notes developed by UNESCO in 2022: “Current understandings, and threats to lasting peace”, “New understandings of education’s contributions to peace”, and “The role of non-state actors in the promotion of peace through education”.