In the era of globalization, the construction of citizenship in national states has been faced up with new challenges. The recognition of citizenship has become more and more decentralized and personal. Consequently, citizenship has thus become more diverse. These changes in citizenship will trigger conflicts between citizenship identity and national identity. As the trend of constructing a diverse multi-citizenship system has been regarded as unstoppable, it is necessary to highlight the role of citizenship education in solving problems of citizenship identity in order to build positive recognition of citizenship and cultivate qualified citizens.