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Inequality continues to be one of the main challenges for the countries of the Americas, and the debate about its roots and consequences has permeated all areas of public policy. The truth is that advances in civil and political rights have not been matched by advances in economic, social and cultural rights, and in this context and during the last 15 years, many of the countries of the region have taken measures of public policy to generate greater inclusion and a better redistribution of the benefits of economic growth, with the intention that this will translate into the enjoyment of more rights (in all spheres) for citizens.