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From quality-oriented education to key competence, Chinese education has always been committed to cultivating “well-rounded people” who meet the needs of individual lifelong development and social development. In the context of key competence, it is necessary to clarify the logical relationship between key competence and civic education. On the basis of understanding the essence of quality education, the pursuit of key competence and the connotation of civic education, this paper attempts to answer the question of “who to train” in civic education through theoretical reflection on the legal, educational and practical provisions of “qualified citizen”. Through thinking about the subject orientation, curriculum implementation and evaluation system of civic education, this paper seeks the way of “how to train people”.