The question of barbarism dominates remembrance issues. The study of the prevention of crimes against humanity constitutes another major challenge. But these sensitive and complex debates are problematic. All fields are concerned : history, memory, law, philosophy, politics. How can schools tackle them ? Two solutions : opting for a comparative study of genocides, particularly the Holocaust and the Tutsis in Rwanda; and using the "universal/particular" dialectic, institutions and individuals. Recollections of the past and edification of the future, this book gives meaning to education and presents a sensitive reflection of the challenges of history and the contemporary world. (By the author - Translation)