This review was prepared in 2009 by order of the UNESCO Cluster Office in Almaty by a group of national experts to highlight the situation on the current state of affairs and prospects for the use of renewable energy sources in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Tajikistan and the Republic of Uzbekistan based on a questionnaire of interested parties, studying documents of international projects and other open literature sources. When preparing the review, the goal was to explore not so much the technical potential of the Central Asian countries in the field of renewable energy development, but rather to clarify the position of stakeholders in their development, and their readiness to pursue environmentally acceptable policies.