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Over the past few years, many have observed a rise in nationalist perspectives across the world. These trends raise questions about the role of education and, in particular, one of UNESCO’s key areas of work in the field of education, namely Global Citizenship Education (GCED), which seeks to equip learners with the skills, values and attitudes needed to contribute to the development of peaceful and just societies. This paper seeks to clarify the evidence of the rise of nationalist perspectives and its causes, and to lay out how GCED is challenged by this phenomenon. It recommends ways forward for education stakeholders in promoting GCED, in order to strengthen ‘learning to live together’ by embedding GCED meaningfully in local and country contexts.