This volume deals with transmission of the history and the memory of the Shoah within the family as well as in school, in museums, in cultural productions (cinema, literature and art), and in legislation. Two countries are in the centre of the analysis : France and Israel. France with its history of the "Vel d'Hiv" and the Rivesaltes and Chambon-sur-Lignon camps. And Israel against the background of the Eichmann trial and the aftermath of "Shoah" by Lanzmann. Several contributions deal with transmission, knowledge and social representations of the Shoah. (By the editor)