This report follows the request made by the Member States of the African Union during the 2018 Pan-African High-Level Conference on Education. It aims to support the efforts undertaken by African countries to accelerate the achievement of the targets and strategic objectives set out in the 2030 Agenda and the Continental Education Strategy for Africa (CESA). This first report highlights the need to place equity at the heart of efforts to improve access to and the quality of education, without which efforts to improve access to and the quality of education could inadvertently widen existing inequalities.